top of page
Students Chatting On Stairs

Writing an EE in history is the most popular choice for IB students.  With the only stipulation being that the essay cannot deal with events from the last ten years - there are boundless possibilities. As history does not have the rigid parameters of other subjects, it is a difficult discipline to fail. As long as it is on topic, close to 4000 words and contains citations, you should be fine. However, the percentage of students who receive an A is very low. There are numerous explanations for this, and by following the guidance on this page, you should be able to avoid mistakes. The perhaps predominant reason that students fail to score highly is selecting a poor question. You have to be very clear about what the EE is.

 

You are NOT conducting original research. The IB guide may claim to welcome original archival work or family history, but they do not score well. I have included at the bottom of the page a social history essay, that I felt was an excellent piece of historical research and writing. However, the marker clearly did not feel was a good EE and scored it a C. The student put in hundreds of hours of original research for nothing. 

What the IB wants you to do is outline and evaluate a historical debate and for you to come to a reasoned decision. Therefore, you want to find an area where there is not complete agreement amongst historians. The views do not have to be dichotomous, but there should be differing interpretations. As with your IA, you should look to find the big historical ideas within small events. There are no prizes for originality. I have given an A to an essay on whether the Nagasaki atomic was a warning to the USSR. While the topic was well-worn, the student evaluated the various viewpoints well. The biggest thing to avoid is formulating a question that can only be answered in a narrative way.

How to select an EE Question?
 

Researching a History essay should be the most pleasurable aspect of the EE process. Hopefully, you have selected an area in which you are interested. The PowerPoint and guides below will give a full account of where to find information and how to organise your time. Speak with your supervisor for more specific suggestions. 

How to conduct research in history
 

The Reading Room.jpeg
Teacher and Student

Reflecting on the EE process is worth six out of the 34 total marks available for an EE. It is critical that you complete this component. Even a bad essay can be partially rescued if you are able to identify where things went awry. You are required to think deeply about what lessons you have taken, personally and intellectually, from the process. The key thing to avoid is just making a list of tasks completed and conversations with your supervisor. There are more detailed advice and exemplars in the PowerPoint. If you would like to look at some other examples then see Mr Spence.

Writing a reflection

Writing well in history is a difficult skill to become adept at. With its 4000 word limit, the EE is a challenge for high school students. Nevertheless, by following the basic rules below and by using the documents at the bottom of the section, you should produce an engaging scholarly piece. I tell students that their draft should be 5,000-6,000 words. Heavy editing to eliminate circumlocutions and passive voice should get you below the word limit without losing your key ideas. 

 

History writing is about balance. Too often students are too narrative in their writing or attempt evaluation of ideas without making the debates' context to the reader. Your first responsibility is to produce something clear that uses evidence to answer your question. Sure to get an A, you will be expected to evaluate others' views on the evidence, but first you need to show you have grasped the key ideas. Remember also to cite consistently. Each paragraph should have at least three citations. For more specific guidance see the history guide above.

 

Too often students fail to present evidence well, which means their evaluation is nonsensical and therefore scores poorly. The rules of historical writing are simple. Each paragraph should begin with a clear topic sentence which outlines what single idea will be covered. Three pieces of evidence should then be selected to illustrate the paragraph's theme. Only one idea should be in each sentence. Use the evidence to drive your argument; don't give evidence then explain what it means. If you present your evidence succinctly, you should have space for evaluation. Evaluation means examining the veracity of the evidence in proving the key idea outlined at the paragraph's beginning. There is more specific guidance on writing evaluatively in the document below. Also below is a general template on writing an EE, an EE format that would score full marks, and a guide of mistakes markers look for.

Writing a history EE
 

Typing
bottom of page